Relationship Values essays

Relationship Values papers In the novel A Separate Peace, John Knowles gives one companion, Gene, crushing his other companion, Phineas, in view of seriousness. There are numerous subjects introduced in the novel. A portion of these are developing from youthfulness, demolition from intensity, and isolating dream and reality. One of the books significant subjects is that connections give virtues, which shape an individual into what they become in what's to come. This thought is appeared through the skeptical to hopeful perspectives on life, naturalist conduct to autonomous conduct, poor leader to a keen choice creator, and information breaking down abilities gains from a kid to a grown-up. The skeptical perspectives as a youngster improves to hopeful perspectives as a grown-up. Quality states that there is no competition among Phineas and him (51), directly before he understands there is one on the tree. He accepts that Phineas was a danger, who needs him to come up short at being valedictorian, along these lines Gene jerks the appendage to dispose of him. As opposed to taking a gander at Phineas as a pioneer, who needs to lead him to triumph, he takes a gander at him negatively and accepts he is a danger. At that point toward the finish of the novel, Gene admits how Phineas is formed into his character (194). Quality acknowledges how Phineas was a constructive individual to gaze upward to, instead of a negative danger to look downward on. Qualities hopeful perspectives on Phineas are a sensible case of the significant subject. The naturalist conduct as a kid changes to a free conduct as a grown-up. The first run through Gene leaps out of the tree, he did it in light of the fact that Phineas asks him to (24). Quality as a kid was a naturalist, since he was to a greater extent a supporter than a pioneer, he went with the group, much the same as Leper. At that point toward the finish of the novel, Gene as a grown-up strolls to the most critical territories of the school, where he needs to ... <!

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the creator, Mark Twain, thinks about existence ashore to life on the waterway utilizing Huck’s taboo kinship with Jim, the dangers Huck makes, and when Huck joins Tom sawyer’s group, demonstrating that companionship has no restrictions. Life ashore was passionate for Huck in light of the deterrents and hardships he confronted. Life on the waterway then again was a test in light of the difficulties Huck had being sheltered. Huck and Jim’s illegal kinship demonstrates that companionship has no restrictions through Huck seeing past the way that Jim is dark. Ashore when Huck discovered Jim without precedent for the forested areas, he says â€Å"..it was Miss Watson’s Jim! I wager I was happy to see him.† This shows Huck appreciates Jim’s organization, White or dark, he sees Jim as a sort of companion. Fellowship has no restrictions and will see past each other’s contrasts. The dangers that Huck made for kinship demonstrates that kinship has no restrictions through Huck taking a chance with his fellowship with Tom to spare a companionship with Jim. Huck has just experienced such a great amount with Jim ashore and stream, and had made a guarantee to remain with him till the end. So Huck was eager to hazard Tom for Jim. Huck had told Tom, â€Å"I comprehend what youll state. Youll state its grimy, abject business; however imagine a scenario in which it is. Im wretched; and Im a-going to take him, and I need you keep mum and not let on. Will you? Huck was being a genuine companion and ensuring Jim, he was going to chance his old companion to spare Jim. That indicated how faithful Huck was to Jim and their fellowship, demonstrating that companionship truly doesn’t have limits. At the point when Huck joins Tom Sawyer’s pack he is demonstrating that kinship has no restrictions by making the vow Tom had made. Ashore while Tom frames his posse he says, â€Å"Everybody that needs to join must make a vow, and compose his name in blood.† Tom pays attention to fellowship as a religion. Both Tom and Huck have confidence in it reliably, it’s like a faith in a religion. It demonstrates that companionship has no restrictions when a fellowship is generally imperative to them two.

The Effects of Workplace Bullying

The Effects of Workplace Bullying Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Print The Effects of Workplace Bullying By Sherri Gordon facebook twitter Sherri Gordon is a published author and a bullying prevention expert. Learn about our editorial policy Sherri Gordon Updated on July 05, 2019 Gpointstudio/Image Source/Getty Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress In This Article Table of Contents Expand Health Risks Job Performance Clinical Research Employers of Bullies Employer Response View All Back To Top If youre a target of bullies in the workplace, you probably  start each week with a pit of anxiety in your stomach. Then, you count down the days until the weekend or next vacation. Inappropriate behavior by adult bullies may include: Berating peopleStealing creditExcluding othersMaking snide remarksThreatening othersUnfair criticism The Health Risks of Bullying for the Victim The effects of  workplace bullying  dont end when you leave the office. Being a victim of bullying can cause physical and psychological health problems, including: StressAnxietyPanic attacksTrouble sleepingHigher blood pressureUlcers Bullying Affects Job Performance Bullied workers cant perform their jobs to the best of their ability. Performance issues include: Having trouble making decisionsAn incapacity to work or concentrateA loss of self-esteemLower productivity Bullied workers not only lose motivation, they lose time because they are preoccupied with: Trying to defend themselvesAvoiding the bullyNetworking for supportRuminating  about the situationPlanning how to deal with the situation What’s more, targets of bullying feel a sense of isolation.  In fact, workplace bullying can leave the victim so traumatized that they feel powerless, disoriented, confused and helpless. How Workplace Bullies Pick Their Targets Clinical Research on Bullying in the Workplace The problem is so prevalent, you can find clinical studies on the subject. Research on bullying in the workplace quantifies the personal consequences for the victim and fiscal consequences that affect the companys bottom line. Researchers at the University of Manitoba found  workplace bullying inflicts more harm on employees than sexual harassment. Compared to victims of sexual harassment in the workplace, bullied employees showed: More job stressLess commitment to the companyHigher levels of anxiety and anger Researchers at the University of Helsinki Department of Public Health found non-target coworkers suffer too. Their results show  victims of bullying and those who witness it are more likely to receive a prescription for psychotropic medications such as: AntidepressantsTranquilizersSleeping pills Effects on the Employers of Bullies Workplace bullying  has detrimental effects on employers, not just the victim and their co-workers who witness it. In addition to disrupting the work environment and impacting worker morale it can also: Reduce productivityCreate a hostile work environmentPromote absenteeismImpact workers compensation claimsResult in costly, and possibly embarrassing legal issues? Other costly effects on the employer include: Increased use of sick leave, health care claims and staff turnoverErosion of employee loyalty and commitmentAdditional costs to recruit and train new employeesPoor public image and negative publicityIncreased risk of legal action How Employers Can Respond to Bullying in the Workplace Its always in your best interest to confront workplace bullying and maintain a bullying-free workplace because prevention is more cost-effective than intervention or mediation. Its also the right thing to do if care about your employees. Employers must offer education opportunities for managers, supervisors, and other authority figures because the majority of workplace bullying comes from bullying bosses. Strive to create a workplace environment that cultivates teamwork, cooperation, and positive interaction instead. How to Confront a Workplace Bully

The And His Understanding Of The Creation Through Dialogue...

3. Pannenberg’s Theodicy and His Understanding of the Creation through Dialogue with Natural Science When creatures are created as finite beings, they gain their independence from God and other creatures. This is because we assume â€Å"the limiting of their own finitude by other creatures.† Hence, their revolt against the limit of finitude in their relationships with God is also intertwined with their failure to be in peaceful unity with other creatures. On the contrary, the God-intended independence is to participate in the reality of the eschatological kingdom of God through the fellowship with God and that of love and justice among other fellow humans and creatures. For Pannenberg, if this is the case, then the independence of a creature cannot be identified as the necessary root of evil. Rather, the root of evil lies in â€Å"the revolt against the limit of finitude, in the refusal to accept one’s own finitude, and [accordingly] in the related illusion of being like God.† Evil is not necessary, but constitutes an inevitable condition of the finitude of creatures when they make free decisions. Therefore, God’s free decision to create the world â€Å"carried with it the risk of a misuse of this creaturely freedom, or the â€Å"risk of the abuse of God-given freedom to conform to the reality of the kingdom of God.† The independence of human beings is inseparably connected to the indeterminacy or contingency inherent in the evolutionary process of the cosmos. To beShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Suffering Is Not Limited1462 Words   |  6 PagesThe problem of suffering is not limited to human society. The awareness of evils, present not only in human society but also in the physical and biological levels, is raised among scientists and theologians who participate in theology-science dialogue. Not only animals but also plants experience sufferings and pains to a certain extent. On the physical level, the increase of entropy according to the 2nd law of thermodynamics is regarded as analogous to the notion of evil on the physical level. Read MoreDavid Humes Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesDavid Hume’s Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion provide conflicting arguments about the nature of the universe, what humans can know about it, and how their knowledge can affect their religious beliefs. The most compelling situation relates to philosophical skepticism and religion; the empiricist character, Cleanthes, strongly defends his position that skepticism is beneficial to religious belief. Under fire from an agnostic skeptic and a rationalist, the empiricist view on skepticism and religionRead MoreNatural And Cosmic Theodicy And The Call For A Trinitarian Panentheism Essay2373 Words   |  10 PagesThe Significnace of Natural/Cosmic Theodicy and the Call for a Trinitarian Panentheism According to Veli-Matti Kà ¤rkkà ¤inen, â€Å"A lacuna in Christian theology is the forgetfulness of the cosmic dimensions.† That is, â€Å"In the biblical and patristic traditions, ‘cosmic’ Christologies and pneumatologies are present,† and the retrieval of tradition is â€Å"important both for the sake of interfaith hospitality and improving Christianity’s self-understanding† in interdisciplinary dialogue. Kà ¤rkkà ¤inen pointsRead MoreThe Debate Of Science And Medicine1423 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the course of human history people have been fascinated by the world around them. Ancient philosophers focused on the questions of human existence while early scientists searched for explanations beyond those that religion provided. Science became an outlet to provide answers to the unknown while creating further questions for future experimenters to seek information about. Simply observing and explaining nature failed to bring seekers of knowledge satisfaction. It was not enough to haveRead MoreCritical Evaluation Of The Theodical Arguments Advanced By Wolfhart Pannenberg Essay2203 Words   |  9 Pagesthe problem of natural theodicy through careful comparative evaluation of the theodical arguments advanced by Wolfhart Pannenberg, Catherine Keller, Arthur Peacocke, and Robert Russell in the context of their dialogue with modern physics and biology. In so doing, I critically investigate how the main interlocutors reconstruct the problem of natural evil, its relation to moral evil, God’s creative and redemptive immanence in the midst of the world, and the eschatological new creation, within the matrixRead MoreGreek Philosophy And The Greek Creation1593 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"the love of wisdom†. Philosophy is about understanding the fundamental truths about ourselves, the world in which we live in, and our relationships to the world and amongst each other. It is the study of general prob lems connected with existence, values, language, and mind. Those who study philosophy (philosophers), engage in asking, answering, and arguing their answers to life’s most basic questions. Philosophy is often seen as a â€Å" Greek Creation†. Ancient Greek philosophy aroused duringRead MoreThe Novel Frankenstein 950 Words   |  4 Pages After reading Frankenstein, I am left with a lot of questions about humanity. I wonder if the emergence of monsters in reaction to complex societal issues is a natural response and I wonder how Shelley uses the creature to create a dialogue on a particular issue. I wonder about the nature of people and whether the creature meets those criteria. And I wonder about the inclusion of Frankenstein in the civilizations sequence. Monsters seem to be created in response to cultural fears. There areRead MoreThe Relations between Science and Religion Essay1630 Words   |  7 Pages The relations between science and religion. Humans are servant of God who descended to earth as its inhabitants. Humans are creatures of God are given the advantage of reasonable than other creatures. With that human minds can do more than any other creature. At the beginning of its creation, only human beings who do not know anything and therefore people need a hint for his life. Humans need a guideline in order to survive life in the world and in the hereafter. Guideline for humans isRead MoreThe Spirit Of Creation And Culture : A Framework For Exploring Gods Immanence1745 Words   |  7 Pages II. The Presence of the Spirit in Creation and Culture: A Framework for Exploring God’s Immanence in Culture I see that this immanent frame of the small Irish community portrayed in the movie can be compatible with the view of the creation as the locus of God’s presence. In this understanding of the world, the integrity of creation is not diminished by God’s presence, but the history of the universe becomes the history of the Triune God. In other words, the merit of this perspectiveRead MoreGadamer’s On the Natural Inclination of Human Beings Toward Philosophy follows an idea that a1100 Words   |  5 PagesGadamer’s On the Natural Inclination of Human Beings Toward Philosophy follows an idea that a desire for knowledge, in researching philosophy and sciences, can be related to Platos thaumazein, the idea of wonder. The specifically human function of thinking starts, not routinely or in merriment, but at †¦a point where something strikes us as alien because it runs counter to habitual expectation. (Gadamer 143) The fascination and wonderment towar ds ideas Gadamer claims, †¦comes to me above all in

Using Gel Electrophoresis And Dna Fingerprinting To Analyze

Using Gel Electrophoresis and DNA Fingerprinting to analyze DNA samples Laquandria M. Gibson April 14, 2017 BSC2010L Section #22 Sarah Ellmallah Introduction All cells contain a complex structure known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is a chemical that determines how we are. The multiple combinations of its components are what makes a difference in each person. Long molecules of DNA are organized into chromosomes, which are grouped into 23 pairs. Then the chromosomes are broken down into short segments of DNA known as genes. A gene is a basic physical and functional hereditary unit. Every gene contains a sequence of DNA that occupies a locus on a chromosome (Upadhyaya, 2017). Genes act as instructions to make proteins, varying†¦show more content†¦And gel electrophoresis includes the movement of charged molecules in a buffer solution (Cassill, 2015). The gel is composed of a buffer solution containing agarose, a polymer that easily forms a gel-like material at room temperature (Cassill, 2015). Even though DNA fingerprinting does not compare all of DNA’s structure, it does compare the different cuts made by restriction enzymes, molecules that attach to DNA at the recognition sites and results in cutting the DNA strands (Upadhyaya, 2017). Common restriction enzymes used in DNA fingerprinting are HIND III and ECOR I and because, as mentioned, all alleles are different in their base sequences, recognition sites for restriction enzyme tend to vary based on the individual (Upadhyaya, 2017). Materials Restriction Enzyme Digestion In order for DNA samples from suspect one and suspect two to be digested by two different restriction enzymes, four reaction tubes were required, labeled 1-4. In each reaction tube, with a micropipette, ten  µL of reaction buffer was used. All the samples were prepared based on the given chart (shown below as Table 1) (Upadhyaya, 2017, p. 58). As far as all four having the same enzymes that was the end, so to not cross-contaminate, the micropipettes tips had to be changed each time (Upadhyaya, 2017). The reaction tubes one and three contained 15 µL of enzyme 1 and enzyme 2 was added to reaction tubes two and four. Then, reaction tubes one and two were filled with 15 µL ofShow MoreRelatedInvestigating The Investigation Of The Police Officers1587 Words   |  7 Pagesthis case. For the investigation to be successful DNA profiles must be created. Creating a DNA profile can be complicated, and a few simple mistakes can ruin the whole profile. The whole process of creating a DNA pr ofile begins with obtaining the DNA samples. Once the samples are within possession they must go through the process of electrophoresis. This process will allow the DNA to form bands that reflect certain characteristics. Electrophoresis is a very important process. This process uses anRead MoreSolving Cases with Forensic DNA Analysis975 Words   |  4 PagesForensic DNA analysis is still a relatively new method that has been used to solve cases such as crimes and paternity tests. This method of forensic evaluation is examined by using genetic material, DNA, an acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid. Although each individual’s DNA differs from someone else’s, with the exception of identical twins, around 99.9% of DNA is the same in each person (The FBI DNA Laboratory). Therefore, in order to identify the genetic profile of the individual being analyzedRead MoreForensic Examination Of Forensic Science1434 Words   |  6 Pagesdebated topic in the world of forensic science. The new â€Å"Gold† standard in evidence is DNA analysis, because of its reliability. Finger printing as well as ballistics are often used but are said to be imperfect compared to DNA analysis. DNA analysis is deemed the most reliable because it has faced rigorous scientific experimentation. Fingerprinting is one of the oldest tool of forensic analysis. Fingerprinting is done by dusting a latent print with aluminum flakes. This print is then photographedRead MorePopulation Evolution And Microbial Life1263 Words   |  6 Pagespositive and impacts on society. Some microbes can promote increased human immunity to certain diseases like Cancer (Green and Ariyan 2014) or can potentially decrease the human aging process (Ghose 2014). For example, current clinical trials are now using microbes to help increase the rate at which T-cells can respond to the presence of cancer cells (Green and Ariyan 2014). We are also discovering how microbes contribute to our ocean animal populations and how they influence ocean health (Woods HoleRead MoreThe Role of Dna Technology in Crime Investigation5441 Words   |  22 PagesDNA profiling DNA profiling (also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or genetic fingerprinting) is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a persons DNA makeup, which can also be used as the persons identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing. It is used in, for example, parental testing and rape investigationRead More The Implications of DNA Profiling Essay3166 Words   |  13 PagesThe Implications of DNA Profiling Former attorney General Janet Reno described our system of justice as a search for the truth.(1) Increasingly, the forensic use of DNA technology is an important ally in that search. DNA fingerprinting, better known in the scientific realm as DNA profiling, has given police and the courts a means of identifying the perpetrators of rapes and murders with a very high degree of confidence. However, nine years after its introduction, forensic DNA typing is still usedRead MoreAdvancement in Forensic Technology3440 Words   |  14 PagesThe individual is asked certain basic question that sets the baseline for the true and false answers. The test is usually 2 hours long and interpreted by an expert. Fingerprinting is another widely used technique in forensic science. The modern fingerprinting technique dates back to the 19th century. The first basic fingerprinting classification system was designed by Sir Francis Galton. He classified the system into arches, loops and whorls. Sir Edward Henry, the London police commissioner laterRead MoreDNA and DNA Profiling Made Simple Essay3445 Words   |  14 PagesAmplification If the quantity of the DNA isolated is not enough, the specialist increases it to optimal levels via an amplification technique that uses the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process. In addition, PCR targets specific locations on the DNA strand known as the loci (singular: locus) to produce similar copies. 1.2. Electrophoresis In this process, the specialist separates the materials based on their size and composition of the DNA strands on a particular gel in the presence of electricityRead MoreBiometric Security System : Amity School Of Engineering3521 Words   |  15 PagesDEVELOPMENT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY †¢ BENEFITS ïÆ' ¼ INTRODUCTION †¢ DETAILED OVERVIEW ïÆ' ¼ HISTORY ïÆ' ¼ TYPES OF METHODS USED FOR SECURITY †¢ TRADITIONAL METHODS ï  ¶ PINCODE SECURITY ï  ¶ PASSWORD SECURITY †¢ MODERN METHODS ï  ¶ PHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS †¢ RETINAL SCAN †¢ FINGERPRINTING †¢ DNA †¢ IRIS ï  ¶ BEHAVIORAL METHODS †¢ VOICE/PITCH †¢ SIGNATURE ïÆ' ¼ ADVANTAGES ïÆ' ¼ APPLICATIONS ïÆ' ¼ CONCLUSION ïÆ' ¼ REFERENCES ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: OUR MAIN OBJECTIVE IS TO STUDY THE MEANING AND TYPES OF BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS THAT ARE USED TO VERIFY THE AUTHENTICATIONRead MoreEnhancing the Power of DNA as an Investigative Tool Essay2104 Words   |  9 PagesDNA is a double helix molecule that contains information that is used to make up a person’s body. 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Adult Development †Summary Free Essays

Adult Development Brian Carter West Georgia Technical College Adult Development ABSTRACT This paper explores and details the biological, cognitive, and social development of the author during the stages of infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. It will compare the author’s experiences and developmental milestones with the theories presented in the textbook. The combination of all of these factors, combined with the reactions and actions taken by the author in response to his environment and experiences, are what make him the person he is today. We will write a custom essay sample on Adult Development – Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Adult Observation During an individual’s lifespan development, he passes through several developmental stages, each with its own physical, cognitive, and social milestones. Whether the individual is an infant, child, adolescent, or adult, he is continually developing in almost every aspect in response to life, environmental, and physical demands. It is how the individual reacts to these changes that determine the direction and quality of the individual’s life in the future. The way an individual participates in social activities, engages himself in educational opportunities, and takes time to self-reflect on his experiences all interact to form the direction the individual’s life take. The social, cognitive, and physical aspects of the author’s lifespan development thus far will be described and discussed in detail. The author is a thirty-five year old Caucasian male who lives in a suburb of Atlanta. He was born into and raised in a mostly suburban middle-class household in Louisiana, where he lived until age 23, when he moved to metropolitan Atlanta. He is currently married for the second time, and is expecting his first son to be born in the next week. He has one younger sister who is also grown and married with one stepson. The author’s parents were born and raised in rural West Virginia. His father is college educated. His mother attended college, but did not graduate. He is a college graduate, and his wife has a graduate degree in Education. Both are employed full-time. INFANCY The author was born an eight-pound, four-ounce baby in August of 1975. During the first months of his life, he followed the general outline described in the textbook for breastfeeding and his introduction to solid foods (Dacey 2009). He also developed normally, in physical, cognitive, and social aspects. Aside from a short stint of high fever as a baby, the author experienced no major physical ailments as an infant. EARLY CHILDHOOD As the author progressed into early childhood, he began to exhibit traits of increased intelligence. Thanks to highly involved parents and support group, he was always encouraged to participate in educational activities, rather than playing idly. REFERENCES Dacey, John S. , John F. Travers, and Lisa B. Fiore. Human Development across the Lifespan. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill, 2009. Print. How to cite Adult Development – Summary, Essay examples

The Paradoxes of Time Travel by David Lewis

Introduction David Lewis, in his work, The Paradoxes of Time Travel, posits that time travel is possible and adds that; paradoxes surrounding time travel are not impossibilities but oddments. In this paper, the writer imagines that an author writes a science fiction story about time travel.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Paradoxes of Time Travel by David Lewis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the story, a poor scientist in 2010 uses a time machine to travel back to 2008, where he/she tells his younger self the winning lottery numbers for 2009. The time traveler uses the time machine to return to 2010, where he is now rich. The writer then uses Lewis’ arguments to criticize the story and suggest how Lewis would revise it. To understand this story, it is important to understand some of Lewis’ arguments. Lewis on Time Travel Lewis observes that, â€Å"time must not be a line but a planeâ €  (146). This implies if two events are separated more than once in time dimensions, then they can have two one-sided separations. In normal life, people live on straightforward aslope lines cutting across the plane of time. However, a time traveler lives on bent-line slopes on the same time plane. Moreover, according to Gott, time traveler has a personal time that does not comply with the rules of the normal time, also called external time (5). In this case, the time traveler’s personal time can go back into ancient time in the present external time. Nevertheless, this phenomenon is relative and Lewis notes that the probability of a time traveler going back in time to change the past depends on some set facts. Lewis therefore would find a foothold to criticize the aforementioned fiction. The Criticism As aforementioned, the author writes a story where a poor scientist in 2010, goes back to 2008, reveals to his younger self the winning numbers of a 2009 lottery; wins the lottery, and comes back to 2010 where he or she is rich. Lewis would say that this scenario could not happen because of inconsistency. Lewis would consider some few facts here. The poor scientist cannot be rich in 2010. This poor scientist is poor right now, therefore going back in 2008 and reveal to his/her younger self the winning numbers of a 2009 lottery, would be tantamount to changing the past, which cannot change. Lewis would argue that, events surrounding â€Å"past moments are not sub divisible into temporal parts; therefore, cannot change† (151). Events of 2008 can either timelessly include the poor scientist revealing to his/her younger self the lottery winning numbers or timelessly do not include the events; however, the two events cannot occur simultaneously.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If the fiction story were to be considered true, the possibility of d escribing two events referring to same thing would be inevitable. In this case, there would be ‘original’ 2008 and ‘new’ 2008. The ‘original’ 2008 would represent the actual time when the poor scientist lived and did not know anything about the winning lottery numbers; on the other hand, the ‘new’ 2008 would represent a counterfactual time when the poor scientist is revealing to his/her younger self the winning numbers of the lottery. In the time traveling world of this poor scientist, both the ‘original’ and the ‘new’ 2008 exist in his/her extended timeline; however, in the external time people would be referring to the same thing. Unfortunately, one event cannot be defined or described by two different events. If the poor scientist did not reveal to his or her younger self the winning numbers in the ‘original’ 2008, but he reveals the numbers in the ‘new’ 2008, then he/she must both reveal and not reveal the winning numbers in 2008, because there can only be one 2008 which is both the ‘new’ and the ‘original’ 2008. Therefore, logically speaking, the poor scientist cannot reveal to his/her younger self the winning numbers of the lottery; consequently, he or she cannot be rich in 2010. Lewis’ Revision Strategy of the Story Instead of giving a one sided story, Lewis would opt to give it two sides considering what the poor scientist could do and what he/she could not. The first scenario is that of the poor scientist not revealing to his/her younger self the winning numbers of the lottery as explicated in Lewis’ criticism. In revising this story, Lewis would argue that the poor scientist would reveal to his/her younger self the winning of the lottery. Here are some facts that would facilitate this occasion. The poor scientist would change his/her poverty status in the past by revealing to his younger self the winning lott ery numbers; however, he/she would fail to do that, not because of any impossibility but because of some inefficiencies. Given the fact that the poor scientist did not reveal the winning numbers in the original 2008, consistency requires that he/she does not reveal them in the ‘new’ 2008; why? There has to be a reason why the poor scientist could not reveal the winning numbers to his/her younger self. Maybe he/she lost the paper containing the numbers or simply doubted the authenticity of the numbers. In this case, the poor scientist has the potential to reveal to his/her younger self the winning lottery numbers; however, something crops up which changes the fate of this poor scientist. This is normal in life; people try hard to do things that they would wish to; however, fate has it that they fail.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Paradoxes of Time Travel by David Lewis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Not because it is impossible to do such things, it is only that luck does not allow it. In this case, some eminent contradictions would sabotage the consistency of the story. One, the poor scientist does not reveal the numbers even though he can for he/she has them. Two, the poor scientist does not reveal the numbers, and he/she cannot for the past is unchangeable. According to Sider, Lewis would argue that, ‘can’ is equivocal; hence, the two scenarios are compatible (1). To say the poor scientist ‘could’ reveal the winning lottery numbers is compossible with contextual facts; that is, he had the numbers. The poor scientist could reveal to his/her younger self the winning lottery numbers just the way a teacher can read out answers to students. However, the poor scientist could not reveal the numbers to his young self because this scenario is not compossible with some other facts, he/she is poor in 2010, and this is the fact. Nevertheless, inter preting these two scenarios calls to choose either a wide delineation and conclude that the poor scientist cannot reveal the numbers or a narrow delineation of relevant facts and conclude that he/she can reveal the numbers. Relativity takes precedence here and either of the arguments can pass as true; however, one cannot afford to conclude that the poor scientist could and could not reveal the numbers simultaneously. The call to make choice here is to root out contradiction, which would otherwise refute the possibility of time travel. Conclusion Lewis points out that time travel is possible; however, one has to make a choice and argue his/her case out based on relativity of facts surrounding the subject under study. In the case of a poor scientist in 2010 traveling through a time machine to 2008, revealing to his younger self the winning numbers of a 2009 lottery, winning it and becoming rich in 2010, Lewis would criticize it on basis that, the past is unchangeable. However, Lewis w ould revise the story and throw in a possibility of such an event happening depending on the relativity of facts surrounding it. The poor scientist did not reveal the numbers to his younger self but he/she could do so because he/she had the numbers; however, he/she failed for he/she either misplaced the paper containing the numbers or simply doubted the authenticity of the same. On the other hand, the poor scientist did not reveal the numbers to his younger self and cannot because the past is unchangeable. The fact is, in 2010, the scientist is poor, and it depends on the stand that one takes in interpreting the possibility of this poor scientist going back to 2008 to reveal the winning numbers to his young self. Nevertheless, one cannot say that the poor scientist can and cannot travel back to 2008 simultaneously.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Gott, Richard. â€Å"Time Travel in Einstein’s Universe: The Physical Possibilities of Travel.† New York; Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001. Lewis, David. â€Å"The Paradoxes of Time Travel.† American Philosophical Quarterly. 1976: 13(2); 146-152. Sider, Ted. â€Å"Lewis on Time Travel.† Nd. Web.  http://tedsider.org/teaching/415/HO_time_travel.pdf This term paper on The Paradoxes of Time Travel by David Lewis was written and submitted by user Unicorn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.